Microsoft has confirmed the end-of-life date for its Windows 10 operating system is October 14, 2025. After this date, the company will cease providing free security updates, non-security updates, and assisted support for most versions of Windows 10. This cessation of support leaves millions of devices exposed to security vulnerabilities, including ransomware.

The end of security patches is a significant event for cybersecurity. According to Canalys Research, approximately 240 million personal computers are slated to become e-waste as they do not meet the strict hardware requirements for upgrading to Windows 11. These requirements include specific processor models and the presence of a Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2.0 security chip.

Unsupported Systems as a Target for Cyberattacks

Operating a system without ongoing security support presents a documented risk. Allan Liska, a threat intelligence analyst at cybersecurity firm Recorded Future, stated that unsupported operating systems are “a favorite target of ransomware gangs.” This is because any new vulnerabilities discovered after the end-of-life date will not be patched by Microsoft, creating permanent openings for attackers.

A historical precedent exists with the 2017 WannaCry ransomware attack. This global cyberattack heavily impacted systems running unsupported versions of Windows, such as Windows XP, for which security patches were no longer issued. The attack encrypted data on hundreds of thousands of computers in over 150 countries, demonstrating the tangible consequences of using an operating system beyond its support lifecycle.

Available Options for Windows 10 Users

For users with machines that cannot upgrade to Windows 11, Microsoft is offering a paid program called Extended Security Updates (ESU). This subscription-based service provides security updates for up to three years past the 2025 deadline. The price for the ESU program increases each year. The options for users are to upgrade to a compatible Windows 11 device, purchase the ESU subscription, or continue using Windows 10 without security updates from Microsoft.